Researching the Jazz Diaspora

Researching the Jazz Diaspora: A Research Guide and Bibliography.
copyright 2006, Chicago Jazz Archive, University of Chicago Library.

This guide is designed to provide students with an introduction to research on the global spread of jazz. A few caveats:

Please check the titles in Worldcat for holdings, some items are available in only a few libraries.
U.S. Dissertations after 1995 may be available for download from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses/Dissertation Abstracts through your library's subscription.
The bibliography is focused on English-language resources; there is a great deal of writing about jazz outside the U.S. in other languages. Check Worldcat using Library of Congress subject headings combined with additional search terms.

Search strategies in interdisciplinary research

Library of Congress subject headings are a controlled vocabulary that indexes works in library catalogs. They are a crucial tool and very useful when combined with keyword searching. They help identify that a work is "about" a particular topic, even when a particular keyword does not appear in the title.
By definition, interdisciplinary research involves multiple Library of Congress subject headings.
As an area of inquiry matures, subject headings change and mature as well.
Some of the earliest material on the jazz diaspora has the heading Jazz -- history and criticism which retrieves far too much material to be useful. Use the form Jazz -- [country name] -- history and criticism as a starting point when researching jazz in a particular country.
Use the advanced search mode in Worldcat and online catalogs so you have more search options, such as combining subject headings with additional keywords and limiting the format of the materials you retrieve.
When you find relevant material, check the subject headings in the catalog record to search for additional related material.

Where to look for information

For undergraduate papers and as a starting point for advanced research, the works listed below and the notes and bibliographies in them will be helpful. The RLG catalog, RLIN, will be merging with OCLC, so those materials will eventually be available on Worldcat.

Among the search options on Worldcat is the ability to limit a search to only books and articles or a combination of sources. By eliminating sound recordings as a retrieval option, large sets in response to the term "jazz" can be substantially reduced. Other useful Worldcat search options include archival material, visual material, and internet resources. Other important sources:

Dissertations. ProQuest Digital Dissertations and Theses (PQDT) and foreign dissertations via interlibrary loan from the Center for Research Libraries.
Periodical Indexes. Often specialized by field of study, check with your reference librarians or bibliographer. For Music, the main ones are International Index to Music Periodicals (IIMP) and Music Index. Whether periodicals are available online will depend on your library's subscription policies.
RLG Archival Resources (now ArchiveGrid) Allows keyword searching of archival resources such as documents and oral histories present in the database.
Oral Histories. CJA maintains a list of jazz oral history links to some material not yet in ArchiveGrid or Worldcat.
Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers, esp. the Chicago Defender, Chicago Tribune, and the New York Times. The Chicago Defender on ProQuest presently goes back only to January 1935, with earlier dates to be added as intact versions of the Defender are found for digitization. The Jazz Advertised series of books listed under Reference works, below, is still the state of the art for jazz research in the Defender.
Holdings in jazz archives and collections. Not all jazz research material is processed or have online finding aids. CJA maintains a page of contact links to collections worldwide entitled Jazz/Blues Archives, Collections, and Museums. For advanced research, email or make an appointment to meet with curatorial/reference staff about your topic, there may be relevant resources that are not yet processed or that curators are aware of elsewhere.
U.S. Government documents. Important for exploring jazz in U.S. foreign policy, such as the State Department tours. Check with your government documents librarian for assistance.
Autobiographies and biographies of jazz musicians often contain accounts of concerts abroad and Jazz Ambassador tours for the U.S. State Department. For example, see Dizzy Gillespie's To Be or Not : To Bop and Duke Ellington's Music is my mistress.
Interiews. Found in compilations, periodicals, and online. Many of these can be found using Worldcat or a search engine such as Google.com For instance, Dana Gioia, Chair of the National Endowment for the Arts, interviewed Dave Brubeck about the Cold War jazz tours sponsored by the U.S. State Department in the magazine The American Interest Vol. 1 No. 3 (Spring 2006); the interview is available as a .PDF file on the NEA website.

Bibliography

Reference works

Driggs, Frank and Harris Lewine, Black Beauty, White Heat: A Pictorial History of Classic Jazz 1920-1950. New York: DaCapo Press, 1995. ISBN 030680672X (paper)
The best collection of early jazz photos in a single volume; an entire chapter entitled, "Crow Jim Europe: Hangin' Around Montmartre and Shanghai Gestures, 1919-1950."
Hoffman, Franz. Jazz advertised, 1910-1967 : a documentation Berlin : F. Hoffmann, 1980-1997. Contents: v. 1-3 The Negro newspapers of New England 1910-1967 (New York age, New York Amsterdam news, Baltimore Afro-American, Pittsburgh courier, Village voice (New York)) -- v. 4-6. The Chicago defender 1910-1967 -- v. 7. The New York times 1929-1950 -- v. [8]. Index / [jointly compiled by] Franz Hoffmann, Ian Buckley. See Worldcat for holdings. Available for purchase from Norbert Ruecker Books in Germany.
Currently the state of the art for research in the Chicago Defender pre-1935, when the ProQuest Historical Chicago Defender picks up.
Kernfeld, Barry, ed. New Grove Dictionary of Jazz, 2d Ed. London : Macmillan Reference, 2002. Under the entry "Jazz" there is a subsection entitled "Jazz spreads abroad." Many libraries subscribe to Grove online, which includes NGJ2.
Meadows, Eddie S. Jazz scholarship and pedagogy : a research and information guide. New York: Routledge, 2005. ISBN 0415939658 (Title change; 3rd ed. of Meadows' bibliography) contains a chapter of resources entited "Jazz in World Cultures."
Regester, Charlene B. Black entertainers in African American newspaper articles Jefferson, N.C. : McFarland, 2002. ISBN 0786410531

Overviews

Atkins, E. Taylor, ed. Jazz planet. Jackson : University Press of Mississippi, c2003. ISBN: 1578066085
Cooke, Mervyn. The chronicle of jazz. New York : Abbeville Press, 1998. ISBN: 0789203995 chapters on jazz in various countries.
Kirchner, Bill, ed. The Oxford companion to jazz. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN: 019512510X
Monson, Ingrid, ed. The African diaspora : a musical perspective New York : Garland Pub., 2000. ISBN: 0815323824
Moody, Bill. The jazz exiles : American musicians abroad. Reno : University of Nevada Press, 1993. ISBN: 0874172144
Nicholson, Stuart. Is jazz dead? : (or has it moved to a new address) New York : Routledge, 2005. ISBN: 0415975832 (paper)
O'Meally, Robert G., Brent Hayes Edwards, and Farah Jasmine Griffin, eds. Uptown conversation : the new jazz studies. New York : Columbia University Press, c2004. ISBN: 0231123507. Includes articles on jazz in Paris and Senegal.
Schuller, Gunther. "Jazz and musical exoticism." In Bellman, Johnathan, ed. The exotic in western music. Boston : Northeastern University Press, 1998. ISBN 1555533191 (paper).
Shipton, Alyn. A new history of jazz. London ; New York : Continuum, 2001. ISBN: 0826447546 Chapters on international jazz to WWII and jazz as world music.

Jazz outside the U.S.

Africa

Ansell, Gwen. Soweto blues : jazz, popular music, and politics in South Africa. New York : Continuum, 2004. ISBN: 0826416624
Ballantine, Christopher John. Marabi nights : early South African jazz and vaudeville. Johannesburg : Ravan Press, c1993. ISBN: 0869754394
Titlestad, Michael F. Making the changes : jazz in South African literature and reportage. Pretoria : University of South Africa Press ; Leiden, Netherlands : Koninklijke Brill, c2004. ISBN: 1868882918 (paper)

Australia/New Zealand

Bissett, Andrew. Black roots, white flowers : a history of jazz in Australia. (new rev.ed.) Sydney : ABC Enterprises, 1987. ISBN: 064253067X
Clare, John and Gail Brennan. Bodgie dada & the cult of cool. Kensington, N.S.W. : UNSW Press, 1995. ISBN: 086840103X

Canada

Gilmore, John. Swinging in Paradise : the story of jazz in Montreal. Montreal : Vehicule Press, 1988. ISBN 0919890873
Miller, Mark. Such melodious racket : the lost history of jazz in Canada, 1914-1949. Toronto: The Mercury Press, 1997. ISBN 1551280469

Europe (general)

Goddard, Chris. Jazz away from home. [Europe] New York : Paddington Press : Distributed by Grosset & Dunlap, 1979 ISBN: 0448223678
Heffley, Mike. Northern sun, southern moon : Europe's reinvention of jazz. New Haven : Yale University Press, 2005 ; ISBN: 0300106939
Raphael-Hernandez, Heike. Blackening Europe : the African American presence.
New York : Routledge, 2004. ISBN: 0415943981
Ross, Larry. African-American jazz musicians in the diaspora. Lewiston, N.Y. : E. Mellen Press, c2003

France

Blake, Jody. Le tumulte noir : modernist art and popular entertainment in jazz-age Paris, 1900-1930. 2 v. (xv, 648 leaves) : ill. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Delaware, 1992. Available from UMI. Some copyrighted material not reproduced.
Badger, Reid. A life in ragtime : a biography of James Reese Europe. New York : Oxford University Press, 1995. ISBN: 1860499449
Gendron, Bernard. Between Montmartre and the Mudd Club : popular music and the avant-garde. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2002. ISBN: 0226287351
Jackson, Jeffrey H. Making jazz French : music and modern life in interwar Paris. Durham : Duke University Press, 2003. ISBN: 0822331373
Schulman, Seth Matthew. The celebrity culture of modern nightlife : music-hall, dance, and jazz in interwar Paris, 1918-1930. 295 leaves; ill. Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brown University, 2000. Available from UMI
Shack, William A. Harlem in Montmartre : a Paris jazz story between the great wars. Berkeley : University of California Press, c2001 ISBN: 0520225376
Singer, Thomas. "Beginning the beguine : some aspects of the arrival of jazz and American popular culture in France during the 1920s." In Guieu, Jean-Max. Paris in the jazz age. [Washington, D.C.] : Georgetown University, Faculty of Languages & Linguistics, 2001 ISBN: 0970079702 This volume contains several other articles related to jazz in Paris.
White, Andrew Nathaniel. My life in Paris : September 1964-September 1965 = Ma vie Paris ; and, 25 [i.e. 24] reflections. Wash[ington], D.C. : Andrew's Musical Enterprises, 1992. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, SOLE HOLDER
Zwerin, Michael. The Parisian jazz chronicles : an improvisational memoir. New Haven : Yale University Press, c2005. ISBN: 0300108060

Germany

Bergmeier, Horst J. P. and Lotz, Rainer. Hitler's airwaves : the inside story of Nazi radio broadcasting and propaganda swing. New Haven : Yale University Press, c1997 ISBN 0300067097
Budds, Michael J. Jazz & the Germans : essays on the influence of "hot" American idioms on the 20th-century German music. Hillsdale, NY : Pendragon Press, 2002. ISBN: 1576470725
Kater, Michael H. Different drummers : jazz in the culture of Nazi Germany. New York : Oxford University Press, 1992. ISBN: 0195050096
Lotz, Rainer. Black people : entertainers of African descent in Europe and Germany.
Bonn : Birgit Lotz Verlag, 1997. ISBN 3980346188

Spain

Former Eastern Bloc countries

Feigin, Leo. Russian jazz : new identity. London ; New York : Quartet Books, 1985. ISBN: 0704325063
Gonda, Janos. Who's who in Hungarian jazz. Budapest : Interkoncert : Jazz Dept. of the Association of Hungarian Musicians, 1973.
Herman, Drew A. Jazz and American popular music in Czechoslovakia to 1958. Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, November, 1996. Held at Ohio Univ.
Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich. Khrushchev on culture: A full text with notes on Ehrenburg, Evtushenko, Sholokhov, painting, jazz, cinema, composers, etc. [London, Encounter, 1963] 20 copies worldwide, see Worldcat
Labska, Yvetta. Slovak popular music and jazz. Bratislava : Music Information Centre of the Slovak Music Fund, 1991.
McCardell, Terry. Jass speaks all languages : the Southern Cross Jazz Band in Soviet Russia and the People's Republic of China, 1957. Sydney : Australian Jazz Convention Trust Fund, 1985. See Worldcat for holdings. "Available from The Secretary, Australian Jazz Convention, 5 Lookes Avenue, Balmain, N.S.W. 2041./ Limited ed. of 200 copies./ Includes bibliographical references."
Minor, William. Unzipped souls : a jazz journey through the Soviet Union. Philadelphia : Temple University Press, 1995. ISBN: 1566393248
Simon, Giza Gabor. The Book of Hungarian Jazz. Budapest : Hotelinfo : Sale distribution by Akadimpex, 1992. ISBN: 9638506911
Starr, S. Frederick. Red and hot : the fate of jazz in the Soviet Union, 1917-1980. New York : Oxford University Press, 1983. ISBN: 0195031636

Japan and Far East

Atkins, E. Taylor. Blue Nippon : authenticating jazz in Japan. Durham : Duke University Press, 2001. ISBN: 082232721X (paper)
Craig, Timothy J. Japan pop! : inside the world of Japanese popular culture. Armonk, N.Y. : M.E. Sharpe, 2000. ISBN: 0765605619 (paper)
Linhart, Sepp and Sabine Fruhstuck, eds. The culture of Japan as seen through its leisure. Albany : State University of New York Press, c1998. ISBN: 0791437914 (paper)
Minor, William. Jazz journeys to Japan : the heart within. Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press, 2004. ISBN: 0472113453

Latin America/Caribbean

Acosta, Leonardo. Cubano be, Cubano bop : one hundred years of jazz in Cuba. Washington : Smithsonian Books, 2003. ISBN: 158834147X
Fernandez, Raul. A. From Afro-Cuban rhythms to Latin jazz. Berkeley : University of California Press ; Chicago : Center for Black Music Research, Columbia College, 2006 ISBN: 0520247078
Roberts, John Storm. Latin jazz : the first of the fusions, 1880s to today. New York : Schirmer Books, c1999. ISBN: 0028646819
Schreiner, Claus and Mark Weinstein (trans.) Musica brasileira : a history of popular music and the people of Brazil. New York : Marion Boyars : Distributed in the United States and Canada by Rizzoli International Publications, 1993. ISBN: 071452946X

South Asia

Farrell, Gerry. Indian music and the West. Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN: 0198163916
Ross, Thomas Wynn. A tune beyond us, yet ourselves : on transcultural hearing.Thesis (Ph. D.)--Wesleyan University, 1985. Available from UMI.

United Kingdom and Eire

Godbolt, Jim. A history of jazz in Britain 1919-50. London : Paladin Books, 1986. ISBN
Godbolt, Jim. A history of jazz in Britain, 1950-70. London ; New York : Quartet Books, 1989. ISBN: 0704325268
McKay, George. Circular breathing : the cultural politics of jazz in Britain. Durham : Duke University Press, 2005. ISBN: 0822335603
Moore, Hilary. British jazz voices : crossing borders of race, nation, and class. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2004. Available from UMI.
Parsonage, Catherine. The evolution of jazz in Britain, 1880-1935. Aldershot, Hampshire, England ; Burlington, VT : Ashgate, 2005. ISBN: 0754650766
Walker, Edward Samuel. Don't jazz -- it's music, or, Some notes on popular syncopated music in England during the 20th century. Walsall, England : E.S. Walker, 1978. THREE HOLDINGS WORLDWIDE, NYPL, Oxford, Cambridge -- see Worldcat

U.S. Musicians abroad

Miller, Mark. Some Hustling This! : taking jazz to the world 1914-1929. Toronto: The Mercury Press, 2006. ISBN 155128119B

Jazz and U.S. politics

Sample subject headings:
Arts, American -- Foreign countries
Music and state -- United States.
United States -- Cultural policy.

Lists of U.S. State Dept. Jazz Ambassadors:

"American Music Abroad" Jazz at Lincoln Center:

"Jazz Ambassadors" 1998-2004 John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

State Dept. evaluation and executive summary of the Jazz Ambassadors program

Davenport, Lisa E. "Jazz and the Cold War: black culture as an instrument of American foreign policy." In Hine, Darlene Clark and Jacqueline McLeod, eds. Crossing boundaries : comparative history of Black people in diaspora. Bloomington : Indiana University Press, 1999. ISBN: 0253335426
Franklin, Maryanne, ed. Resounding international relations : on music, culture, and politics. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. ISBN: 1403967555
Gossett, Cynthia. "Our task is to present the truth" : State Department cultural diplomacy and Benny Goodman's 1962 jazz tour of the Soviet Union. Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2003. Held at Kent State.
Morton, Brian. "The Cool War." The Nation, Vol. 280 Issue 25, p38-41 June 27, 2005. online at thenation.com
Raymond, Robert. Black star in the wind. London, MacGibbon & Kee, 1960. No ISBN. Journalist's travels in Ghana; contains an account of Louis Armstrong's State Dept. trip to Ghana.
Von Eschen, Penny. Satchmo blows up the world : jazz ambassadors play the Cold War. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 2004. ISBN: 0674015010
Wagnleitner, Reinhold and Elaine Tyler May, eds. Here, there, and everywhere : the foreign politics of American popular culture. Hanover, NH : University Press of New England, 2000. ISBN 1584650354 (paper)

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