Professional women at the turn of the twentieth century often found
it easier to achieve their goals outside of heterosexual marriage. Many
chose to pursue close emotional, financial, and sometimes sexual
partnerships with other women in what was then called a "Boston
marriage."
Attitudes toward female homosexuality were also changing rapidly in
this period, such that the relationships documented in this case may
have been more acceptable to the outside world when they started than
when they ended. By the late 1920s and 1930s, close relationships
between women were increasingly taken to imply a "disordered" homosexual
identity, and a 1929 case study by a Sociology student shows that
Marion Talbot was known for having "such affairs." Some women may have
embraced a certain amount of strategic ambiguity in order to escape
scrutiny and stigma.
In her 1929 study, Katherine Bement Davis (PhD 1900) found that 46.2%
of women born in the late 19th century reported homosexual experiences,
but only 21.4% of women born in the first decade of the 20th century
did. What might account for this decline? The transcript of a sex
education session in a women's dormitory in 1947 spells out a new
outlook on relationships between women: female homosexuality might be
acceptable as a developmental phase, but if kept up for too long, it was
evidence of an immature personality.
Life History of A Typewritten manuscript, 1929
Ernest W. Burgess Papers Addenda
Student Paper for Sociology 310.
The Hanna Holborn Gray Special Collections Research Center