Literature, manuscripts, libraries, texts:

The Uysal-Walker Archive of Turkish Oral Narrative (U-W ATON) "is a repository situated at the Texas Tech University Libraries in Lubbock Texas." The site includes downloadable texts (in PDF format), and recordings of narratives (folktalkes, epics, and much more) and folk music (including many field recordings made by Ahmet Edip Uysal between 1961 and 1974 in rural villages), plus many photographs, and some scholarly articles. An explanation of the archive's organization is at http://aton.ttu.edu/descript.asp
http://aton.ttu.edu/

The Afghanistan Digital Library at NYU. "The project ultimately will digitize, catalog, and make available--in electronic form (website and CD-ROM)--Dari (Persian) and Pashto books published in Afghanistan between 1871 (the earliest known date of a published work) and 1930." Books are presented in the form of high quality images of each page.
http://dlib.nyu.edu/divlib/bobst/adl/index.html

Lib-web-cats "is a directory of libraries worldwide. While the majority of the current listings are in North America, the numbers of libraries represented in other parts of the globe is growing. Each listing includes links to the library's website and online catalog."
http://www.librarytechnology.org/libwebcats/

COPAC "provides FREE access to the merged online catalogues of 24 of the largest university research libraries in the UK and Ireland PLUS the British Library."
http://www.copac.ac.uk/copac/

The National Library and Archives of Egypt "is a government research and cultural non- profit authority, whose main concern is to render library services throughout Egypt and the Arab World." Requires a browser which can properly view Arabic text.
http://www.darelkotob.org/

The Shahnama Project at Princeton. "This website contains an archive of book paintings, more commonly known as Persian Miniatures, that were created to illustrate scenes from the Persian national epic, the Shahnama, or Book of Kings. The core database of this site is a fund of 277 illustrations from five illustrated manuscripts of the Shahnama that are housed in Princeton University's Firestone Library. These manuscripts date from 1544 to 1674 AD, and vary a good deal both in the number and quality of paintings each contains, and in the scenes chosen for illustration." It seems to be on a rather slow server.
http://www.princeton.edu/~shahnama/

Omphaloskepsis "publishes important works of ancient and non-western literature by providing them without charge in electronic format. For cross-platform compatability and ease of use, books are in PDF format.
http://www.omphaloskepsis.com/ebooks/

Sacred Texts "is a freely available non-profit archive of electronic texts about religion, mythology, legends and folklore, and occult and esoteric topics. Texts are presented in English translation and, in some cases, in the original language. The site has no particular agenda other than promoting religious tolerance and scholarship." Hundreds of texts from dozens of relgions/traditions.
http://www.sacred-texts.com/index.htm

ACLS History E-Book Project (American Council of Learned Societies) More than 600 books are currently available, with full-text and all images, and all are searchable. There are numerous works pertaining to the Middle East and Central Asia.
http://www.historyebook.org/

The Arabian Nights and the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam presented with all text. Searchable. Two translations of The Arabian Nights (Burton and Lang), and two of the Rubaiyat (Whinfield and Fitzgerald). Presented by the Electronic Literature Foundation.
http://www.arabiannights.org/

Turning the Pages: Sultan Baybars' Qur'an This Qur'an, "written in gold in Arabic, dates from 1304 to 1306 and was produced for the Mamluk ruler of Egypt, Rukn al-Din Baybars al-Jashnagir." "Visitors are able to virtually "turn" the pages of manuscripts in an incredibly realistic way, using touch-screen technology and animation. They can zoom in on the high quality digitised images and read or listen to notes explaining the beauty and significance of each page."
http://www.bl.uk/collections/treasures/about.html

IntraText Digital Library
http://www.intratext.com/

Al-Warraq Over a million pages of Arabic and Islamic works (in Arabic).
http://www.alwaraq.com/

Ottoman Text Edition Project, Ottoman Text Archive Project, and Ottoman Historical Dictionary
http://courses.washington.edu/otap/

As-Sahifa al-Kamilah al-Sajjadiyya or "The Psalms of Islam" by Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn.
http://www.al-islam.org/sahifa/

Khamush.com endeavors to be Rumi's homepage. Many links and much poetry. It also has an extensive links page.
http://www.khamush.com/

dar-al-masnavi.org has a great deal of translations of and information about the Masnavi and Divan of Rumi. It also has transliterated Persian text for some poems.
http://www.dar-al-masnavi.org

rumionfire.com
http://www.rumionfire.com/

The Gulistan of Sa'di
http://classics.mit.edu//Sadi/gulistan.html

The Divan of Hafez
http://www.hafizonlove.com/

Rahavard "is a literary quarterly, published for the purpose of preserving Persian language and literature among Iranians and the admirers of Persian letters all over the world. It provides an in depth study of its subject matters" and aims to be accessible to scholars as well as the Iranian community.
http://www.rahavard.com

The Sufi Literature Archive "is meant to be a resource for anyone interested in the study of Sufism, mystical poetry, and related subjects. Contributions to the Archive are welcome. These can include new translations or poetic versions, comparative translations, concordances, essays, reviews, new creative writing, bibliographies, and a variety of other subjects. We especially welcome Internet links to college and university courses relating to Islamic mysticism.
http://www.unc.edu/depts/sufilit/archive.htm
The links page is also useful.
http://www.unc.edu/depts/sufilit/links.htm

The Middle East Medievalists site provides links to several papyri and Geniza archives. Also see MEM's Electronic Publications & Projects
http://www.middleeastmedievalists.org/Manuscript.html and http://www.middleeastmedievalists.org/elecbookproj.html

Mathematics, Science and Medicine:

"The renaissance of astronomy in Baghdad in the ninth and tenth centuries: A list of publications, mainly from the last 50 years" by David A. King. From the Institute for the History of Science, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main.
http://www.uni-frankfurt.de/fb13/ign/astronomy_in_baghdad/bibliography.html

Bibliography By Topic of the Mathematical Sciences in the Medieval Islamic World Including works published in Western European languages since 1950. By Jeff Oaks. There is also a page of links to other bibliographies relating to Islamic mathematics, as well as a links page with sites related to the history of mathematics, science and medicine.
http://facstaff.uindy.edu/~oaks/Biblio/Intro.htm

Commission on History of Science & Technology in Islamic Civilization from the International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science. The site provides current and archived newsletters, news, and links.
http://www.ou.edu/islamsci/

Islamic Medical Manuscripts at the National Library of Medicine The National Library of Medicine site includes a listing of biographical bibliographies, a short article on medieval Islam, a catalog of medical manuscripts, and a glossary. In addition, the site features an exhibition catalog with detailed descriptions of the contents, provenance, and condition of manuscripts in the collection, as well as suggestions for further research and references to other editions of the works. There are many good quality scans of both text and illustrations.

General cultural resources:

Al-Mashriq presents a very wide variety of "cultural riches from the countries of the eastern mediterranean." The site is an excellent resource, with everything from old photographs to recipes to music to politics and much, much more. There are also individual pages for a number of countries. One of the best sites on the web.
http://almashriq.hiof.no/
See also Historical photographs and illustrations from Lebanon and the Levant.
See also Digital Documentation Center of the American University of Beirut.

The site of L'Institut du Monde Arabe is in French and focuses on cultural content.
http://www.IMArabe.org/

Eurasia Net has news, links and other resources having to do with the Central Asian region. The site is kept updated daily. There are excellent cultural contents as well.
http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/culture/index.shtml

Arts and Cultures of the Himalayan Region is a site designed for teachers of world religions. It is useful for its lesson plans and its long lists of links, which include much more than the Himalayan region, encompassing Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism and more. Created by J. Paliatka as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities Institute held at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, MA. Educators might also find useful material at other sites from this Institute, at http://college.holycross.edu/orgs/himalayan_cultures/implementation-plan.htm.
http://college.holycross.edu/orgs/himalayan_cultures/jpaliatka/index.htm

Kurdistan Web "offers cultural, historical and political information."
http://kurdweb.humanrights.de or http://www.kurdistanweb.org

ArabNet provides cultural information and statistical data for Arab countries.
http://www.arab.net/

Dictionary of Islamic Philosophical Terms
http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/pd/default.htm

The Islam, Islamic Studies, Arabic and Religion page, "the academic website of Dr. Alan Godlas, professor in the Department of Religion at the University of Georgia, primarily provides a scholarly overview of Islam, while also touching upon Arabic, Western religions, and related subjects. At the core of the site are short introductory essays on various aspects of Islam containing numerous annotated links." It has been recognized as one of the most comprehensive religion sites on the web.
http://www.arches.uga.edu/~godlas

Yahoo country sites provide enormous quantities of links, many of them cultural in nature.
http://dir.yahoo.com/Regional/Countries

Digital Egypt For Universities is "An exploration of Egypt from Aswan to the Mediterranean across all periods." The site includes sections dealing with archaeology, communication, art and architecture, religion and more. It also offers guided tours of different periods, with a variety of information and links incorporated. The site has separate sections for novices and for people with more advanced knowledge.
http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/digital_egypt/

Central Eurasian Studies World Wide is an excellent source of information. It "is not only a website, but an integrated network of information gathering and distributing functions, including list servers such as the Central-Eurasia-L Announcement List for Central Eurasian Studies, and the reference publications such as the Guide to Scholarly Resources for the study of Central Asia."
http://cesww.fas.harvard.edu/index.html
The Central Eurasian Studies Society (CESS) "is a private, non-political, non-profit, North America-based organization of scholars who are interested in the study of Central Eurasia, and its history, languages, cultures, and modern states and societies.  We define the Central Eurasian region broadly to include Turkic, Mongolian, Iranian, Caucasian, Tibetan and other peoples.  Geographically, Central Eurasia extends from the Black Sea region, the Crimea, and the Caucasus in the west, through the Middle Volga region, Central Asia and Afghanistan, and on to Siberia, Mongolia and Tibet in the east."
Website features include The Central Asian Studies Review in PDF and HTML formats (available to members and non-members alike), links, and much more.
http://cess.fas.harvard.edu/
http://cess.fas.harvard.edu/CESSpg_links.html#Resources

Persopedia is an Iranian culture and arts site with searchable poetry volumes by Hafez, Rumi, and others, some with Realaudio recitations. The site is entirely in Persian, and requires downloading and installing a Persian font (a very simple process).
http://www.persopedia.com

Music and film:

Ethnomusicology Online is a peer-reviewed multimedia ejournal, and may have articles relevant to the Middle East.
http://www.research.umbc.edu/eol/eol.html

Music & Anthropology, the Journal of Musical Anthropology of the Mediterranean, has full text articles available on its site.
http://www.provincia.venezia.it/levi/ma/

http://www.turath.org/ Is a wide-ranging site dedicated to Arabic music, both classical and popular. Its Resources page has many links to other sources of information on this topic. The site's mission includes establishing fellowships, scholarships, and awards; publishing articles, interviews, and reviews; educating researchers and informing enthusiasts. Scroll down on the main page for a listing of most of the site's contents, articles, links, etc.

Issa Boulos's site presents numerous links to Arabic music and 'ud resources.
http://home.uchicago.edu/~iboulos/

Rashid Music Sales online catalog, with hundreds of CD's, films, and books.
http://www.rashid.com/

The Ellen-Fairbanks D. Bodman Collection of Middle Eastern and Islamic World Films catalogues the "collection of documentary films on Islam and the Middle East (over 500 films), at UNC's Undergraduate Library." The filmography contains full credit annotations and brief commentaries. The films include documentaries on art and architecture, anthropological, geographical and political studies, literary classics, and feature films.
http://www.lib.unc.edu/house/mrc/bodman/

Arab Film Distribution "promotes and distributes the cinemas of the Arab world in North America." They also stock feature and documentary films from Iran, America and elsewhere outside the Arab world. All are subtitled or narrated in English. A number of books about film are also stocked.
http://www.arabfilm.com

A Survey Catalogue and Brief Critical History of Iranian Feature Film (1896-1975) by Reza Talachian. Includes A Brief Critical History of Iranian Films, 1896-1975, a searchable (English or Persian) Catalog of Iranian Films, 1896-1975, and Major Motion Picture Studios in Iran 1929-1975.
http://www.lib.washington.edu/neareast/cinemaofiran/

Architecture and visual art:

Basic Reference Tools in Islamic Art & Architecture from the Harvard Fine Arts Library. "This guide presents a selection of the most useful reference tools for the study of the art and architecture of the Islamic world. All entries include Harvard library call numbers and/or links to on-line resources; most are annotated." Two bibliographies: one organized by subject or medium, and one organized by region.
http://hcl.harvard.edu/finearts/islamicreference/reference.html

Islamic Arts and Architecture Organization The site has many excellent photos, articles, etc. "IAAO is a non-profit organization dedicated to providing information on arts and architecture. With a strong commitment to research and service, IAAO strives to offer a Web presentation of the highest quality and to promote the awareness of Islamic arts as a humanistic study, recognizing the inter-relationship between the arts and other academic disciplines."
http://www.islamicart.com/

The Pluralism Project "was developed by Diana L. Eck at Harvard University to study and document the growing religious diversity of the United States, with a special view to its new immigrant religious communities." The site includes many images of religious architecture, from various faiths, bibliographies, links and other resources.
http://www.pluralism.org/index.php

Archnet "is an online community for architects, planners, urban designers, landscape architects, and scholars, with a special focus on the Islamic world." The site is being developed by the MIT school of Architecture and Planning, The MIT Press, and the Aga Khan Trust for Culture. "The central goal of ArchNet is to provide an extensive, high-quality, globally accessible, online resource focusing on architecture, urban design, urban development, and related issues in the Muslim world...by providing on an accessible server, images, Geographic Information System and Computer-Aided Design databases, a searchable text library, bibliographical reference databases, online lectures, curricular materials, papers, essays, and reviews, discussion forums and statistical information."
http://archnet.org/lobby.tcl

The Aga Khan Program, "is dedicated to the study of Islamic architecture, visual arts, conservation, urban design and rehabilitation in an effort to respond to the cultural and educational needs of a diverse Muslim world. Towards this goal we aim to improve the teaching of Islamic art and architecture, promote excellence in professional research, and enhance the understanding of Islamic architecture and urbanism in light of contemporary developmental issues. We also continually promote the visibility of pan-Islamic cultural heritage."
http://web.mit.edu/akpia/www/AKPsite/index.htm

The Documentation Center of the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at the Fine Arts Library of the Harvard College Library augments "the historically strong resources of Harvard's libraries and museums in this field, it has helped build comprehensive collections that combine visual and printed documentation on the art, architecture, archaeology and epigraphy of the Islamic world. The library collects publications in all languages and formats in this subject area. The Aga Khan Program has made possible the acquisition of research materials not commonly found in other collections in North America due to their expense or rarity. These include a wide range of specialized periodicals and art monographs, museum and exhibition catalogs, sale catalogs of art dealers and auction houses, documents of preservation and planning authorities and archaeological excavations, facsimile editions of illuminated manuscripts, and early photographica of the Middle East."
http://hcl.harvard.edu/finearts/aga_khan.html

Yahoo maintains a religious structures links page.
http://dir.yahoo.com/Arts/Design_Arts/Architecture/Buildings_and_Structures/Religious/

Echoes from the Orient--Islamic Art is a website designed by two high school students in Cairo. It focuses on Islamic architecture and Oriental carpets. Many good color images and links.
http://www.thinkquestafrica.org/webs/TQA00162

Davids Samling (The David Collection) in Copenhagen, Denmark, "owns Scandinavia's largest collection of Islamic art. The objects in the collection date from the 7th to the 19th century with a few earlier and later pieces. The geographical range is from Spain in the West to India in the East with a small detour to China. For the homepage, 141 Islamic objects were chosen and the access to them is through a click able map." More of the collection will be added in the future.
http://www.davidmus.dk/