Anti-German Pamphlets

The public fervor of 1905-1907 soon ceded to widespread malaise, only to come roaring back with the onset of the Great War in July 1914. This time almost all ideological factions from left and right were united in a paroxysm of messianic patriotism and the demonization of Russia’s enemies, primarily Germany. Even such avant-garde artists as Kazimir Malevich and Vladimir Mayakovsky chimed in with caricatures of the German foe. This wartime imagery drew on the satire of the 1905 revolution in ways that foretold the development of satirical imagery during the 1917 revolutions and the Civil War.